Polymeric precursors to a wide range of non-oxide ceramics have already been synthesized by reacting steel alkoxides with An array of polyhydric and monohydric alcohols (transesterification). The choice of alcohols controls the form on the polymer and also the stoichiometry on the coke produced by charring the polymer within an inert ambiance. T

. Glass-lined vessels are made by bonding a layer of glass to steel, as mentioned before. Considering the fact that steel and glass have distinct coefficients of thermal growth, glass-lining failure may result from abrupt changes inside the temperature from the glass, creating tiny, but thick, pieces of glass to fracture off the steel substrate.